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Þekkingargrunnur — regluvarsla

ESB-löggjöf um ökutækjalýsingu

Allt sem þú þarft að vita um ECE-reglur, ESB-tilskipanir og innlend viðbætur — með skýrum dæmum fyrir vörubíla og tengivagna.

15+
ECE-reglur um lýsingu
56 löndum (UNECE)
Gildir í
Rev. 6 (2022)
Endurskoðun R48
R148 + R149
Arftakar eldri reglna

Þessar útdrætti eru ætlaðar sem hagnýt leiðbeining fyrir kaup og uppsetningu. Opinber lagatextinn er á unece.org. Ef þú ert í vafa, leitaðu alltaf til þíns lands skoðunarstöðvar, eða viðurkennds uppsetningarmanns.

ECE / SÞ-reglur

Alþjóðlegu reglurnar sem næstum öll Evrópulönd hafa tekið upp. Hvert ljós sem við seljum vísar í þessar reglur.

ECE R7

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of front and rear position lamps, stop lamps and end-outline marker lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers

Defines the requirements for position lamps (front & rear), stop lamps and end-outline marker lamps.

Umfang

Shape, light intensity and colour of red rear lamps, white front lamps and red/amber side markers.

Á við um

M1 · FólksbíllM2 · Lítill rútaM3 · Stór rútaN1 · Atvinnubíll < 3,5 tN2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 tO1 · Tengivagn < 0,75 tO2 · Tengivagn 0,75–3,5 tO3 · Tengivagn 3,5–10 tO4 · Tengivagn > 10 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Rear lamps: red. Front lamps: white. Colour coordinates defined in the regulation.
  • Minimum brake-light intensity: 60 cd — maximum: 260 cd per lamp.
  • Brake light must reach full intensity instantly upon activation.
  • End-outline marker lamps mandatory on vehicles wider than 2.10 m.
  • Every approved lamp carries an E-mark (e.g. E4 for the Netherlands) followed by the approval number.

Í framkvæmd

  • — A replacement rear lamp on a Schmitz trailer — must show an E-mark.
  • — Amber side markers on a 13.6 m semi-trailer (yes, mandatory).
  • — Dual-function position/stop lamp on a light commercial vehicle.
Opinber texti
ECE R10

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to electromagnetic compatibility

EMC requirements: electrical components must not generate or be susceptible to radio interference.

Umfang

All on-board electrical components, including LED drivers, work lights and flash patterns.

Á við um

ALL · Öll ökutæki

Lykilkröfur

  • Shielded wiring and/or ferrite cores are often required on the DC cables of LED bars.
  • No interference with 26 MHz–2.5 GHz bands (AM, FM, DAB, GPS, GSM).
  • E-mark with additional "10R" number on the housing or on the LED controller.
  • Uncertified Chinese LED bars are often the source of radio/GPS interference.

Í framkvæmd

  • — A 32-inch LED bar causing DAB+ radio interference → R10 certification likely missing.
  • — A beacon making the tachograph stutter — R10 non-compliant.
Opinber texti
ECE R48

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to the installation of lighting and light-signalling devices

THE key rule for installers — prescribes WHERE and HOW MANY lamps may/must be fitted on a vehicle.

Umfang

Position, height, spacing and number of mandatory/optional lamps per vehicle category.

Á við um

M1 · FólksbíllM2 · Lítill rútaM3 · Stór rútaN1 · Atvinnubíll < 3,5 tN2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 tO1 · Tengivagn < 0,75 tO2 · Tengivagn 0,75–3,5 tO3 · Tengivagn 3,5–10 tO4 · Tengivagn > 10 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Maximum 2 rear fog lamps, maximum 2 reversing lamps (N3/O4: up to 4).
  • Dipped-beam height: 500–1200 mm above ground (N3: up to 1500 mm).
  • Maximum lateral distance from vehicle outer edge to dipped beam: 400 mm.
  • Side marker lamps: every 3 m on vehicles longer than 6 m. Amber, except the rearmost which may be red.
  • Daytime running lights (DRL) mandatory since 2011 on new M/N vehicles — auto-on with ignition.
  • Extra driving lamps: maximum 4 per vehicle, total reference number ≤ 100 (sum).

Í framkvæmd

  • — Mounting an LED bar on the cab? Check: does the reference number still fit within 100 total?
  • — Trailer 15 m long: minimum 5 amber side markers per side.
  • — Reversing lamp on a tractor: white only, only active in reverse gear.
Opinber texti
ECE R65

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of special warning lamps for motor vehicles

Beacons and flashers for emergency services, recovery vehicles and abnormal transport.

Umfang

Colour, flash frequency, intensity and visibility angle of warning lamps.

Á við um

N1 · Atvinnubíll < 3,5 tN2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 tM2 · Lítill rútaM3 · Stór rúta

Lykilkröfur

  • Class T (toroidal) for 360° beacons, class X for directional flashers.
  • Flash frequency 2–5 Hz (120–300 flashes per minute).
  • Colour: blue (emergency services), amber (recovery/abnormal transport), green/red only exceptionally.
  • Minimum intensity class 1 (daylight): varies by emission angle; R65 defines exact test pattern.
  • ECE marking "65 T" or "65 X" must be visible on the lens or housing.

Í framkvæmd

  • — Amber beacon on a tow truck — must carry R65 T or R65 X.
  • — LED flasher on a roadside-assistance vehicle — verify the class 1 (daylight) marking.
Opinber texti
ECE R87

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of daytime running lamps for power-driven vehicles

Daytime running lights — colour, intensity, placement.

Umfang

DRL units only; not for combination with dipped beam.

Á við um

M1 · FólksbíllM2 · Lítill rútaM3 · Stór rútaN1 · Atvinnubíll < 3,5 tN2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Colour: white (amber/yellow no longer permitted since 2011).
  • Intensity between 400 cd and 1200 cd.
  • Minimum 600 mm between the two DRL units.
  • Height 250–1500 mm above ground.
  • Automatic switch-off when low/high beam is engaged.

Í framkvæmd

  • — Retrofit DRLs on an older van: R87-certified units + wiring that switches off with the headlights.
Opinber texti
ECE R91

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of side-marker lamps for motor vehicles and their trailers

Side marker lamps and their placement/colour.

Umfang

Side markers only — NOT to be confused with position or outline lamps.

Á við um

N2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 tO2 · Tengivagn 0,75–3,5 tO3 · Tengivagn 3,5–10 tO4 · Tengivagn > 10 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Amber, except the rearmost which may be red.
  • Maximum 3 m between markers on vehicles longer than 6 m.
  • First side marker ≤ 3 m behind the front axle, last one ≤ 1 m before the rear end.
  • May flash in sync with the indicators ("dynamic marker" allowed since 2014).

Í framkvæmd

  • — Container semi-trailer: minimum 4 amber markers per side.
  • — New commercial vehicle: dynamic amber marker that points inward like an arrow.
Opinber texti
ECE R148

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of light-signalling devices (lamps) for power-driven vehicles and their trailers

Newer "umbrella" regulation (since 2021) that combines R7, R23, R38, R50, R77, R87, R91 for signalling.

Umfang

Complete signalling — position, stop, indicators, reversing, DRL, side markers.

Á við um

ALL · Öll ökutæki

Lykilkröfur

  • New vehicles may use R148 instead of all the older standalone regulations.
  • Photometric test at 0.25× and 1× nominal voltage.
  • Mandatory minimum distance between indicator and brake light (geometric visibility).
  • Stricter requirements on colour fastness under prolonged UV exposure.

Í framkvæmd

  • — A 2024 Scania almost certainly uses R148-approved rear units instead of separate R7/R38 components.
Opinber texti
ECE R149

Uniform provisions concerning the approval of road illumination devices (lamps)

Dipped beam, high beam, fog and driving lamps (headlight system). Successor to R98, R112, R123 among others.

Umfang

Forward road illumination.

Á við um

M1 · FólksbíllM2 · Lítill rútaM3 · Stór rútaN1 · Atvinnubíll < 3,5 tN2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Dipped beam: asymmetrical cutoff, white colour, max 1× dusk-angle disturbance.
  • Reference number per lamp: total of all extra driving lights ≤ 100.
  • LED headlamps must have a headlamp washer above 2000 lumens.
  • Automatic levelling required for xenon/LED above 2000 lumens.

Í framkvæmd

  • — Rally-style driving lights on a 4×4: total reference number under 100 = legal.
  • — LED headlamp retrofit: pay attention to automatic levelling and washer.
Opinber texti
ECE ADR

European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road

Extra requirements for lighting on vehicles carrying ADR goods (such as tankers and silo trucks).

Umfang

Tankers, silo trucks, vehicles for explosives or toxic substances.

Á við um

N2 · Vörubíll 3,5–12 tN3 · Vörubíll > 12 tO3 · Tengivagn 3,5–10 tO4 · Tengivagn > 10 t

Lykilkröfur

  • Fixtures must be explosion-proof or self-extinguishing on damage (no filaments that can ignite).
  • No halogen bulbs near the cargo area — only LED with EX classification.
  • Wiring in the cargo area: insulated and without exposed connectors.
  • "ADR" or "ADR/TÜV" marking on the housing required.

Í framkvæmd

  • — Work light on a fuel tanker: must be an ADR-certified LED.
  • — Orange ADR plates must remain visible in fog without using their own lighting.
Opinber texti
Vöruflutningar

Sérstaklega fyrir vörubíla, tengivagna og þungaflutninga

Conspicuity marking

Retro-reflective conspicuity marking on trucks > 7.5 t and trailers > 3.5 t registered after 2011.

  • Yellow/white on the sides (orange permitted for special carriers).
  • Red/white on the rear.
  • At least 80% of length (sides) or width (rear) must be marked.
  • Compliant with ECE R104 — reflection class C.
N2N3O3O4

Work lights / spotlights on trucks

Work lights may NOT be on while participating in normal road traffic.

  • Work lights (white, wide beam) are only allowed when stationary during loading/unloading.
  • On the public road they must remain off — otherwise risk a fine for nuisance lighting.
  • Some work lamps are R23-certified (reversing-light dual function) — those may be used while driving.
  • Blue, red or green light is NEVER permitted without authorization from the national vehicle authority.
N1N2N3

Driving lights / extra high-beams

Extra driving lights are allowed, provided the total reference number stays ≤ 100 and they are correctly wired.

  • Maximum 8 extra driving lights (in practice limited by the reference-number 100 cap).
  • Only on with the vehicle's high beam (linked via relay to dipped/high beam).
  • When switching to dipped beam they go off automatically.
  • Must be mounted symmetrically (not more on one side than the other).
M1N1N2N3

Beacons on abnormal transport

Amber beacon/flasher on abnormal transport (e.g. > 2.55 m wide, > 22 m long, > 4 m high).

  • Always amber (yellow), never blue.
  • R65 class T (360°) or class X (directional warning).
  • Continuous flashing during the transport.
  • In the Netherlands, when length > 22 m: extra beacons at the rear AND front.
N2N3O3O4

Flashing amber on agricultural vehicles

Tractors and farm vehicles above 25 km/h or wider than 2.55 m: amber beacon mandatory while in traffic.

  • R65 amber class T or X.
  • Mounted at the highest point, visible from all directions.
  • Extra amber flashers on trailed implements > 3 m wide.
T

Flash patterns / signal bars

Multiple flash patterns are allowed, provided the frequency stays within 2–5 Hz and the colour classification is correct.

  • Pattern may switch (e.g. "single-flash", "double-flash", "wig-wag"), but within the same frequency band.
  • No stroboscopic effect under 2 Hz — that is not R65-certified usage.
  • Synchronisation between multiple flashers is allowed but not required.
N1N2N3

Ekki viss um hvort ökutækið þitt uppfyllir kröfurnar?

Sérfræðingar okkar hjálpa með ánægju. Sendu mynd eða VIN og við segjum þér hvaða hluti er hægt að skipta út á R48-samhæfan hátt.

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